Testing of Li-Fi Technology at Malaga’s María Zambrano station by Adif

ADIF (an acronym of Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias) is a Spanish state-owned railway infrastructure manager under the responsibility of the Ministry of Development, charged with the management of most of Spain's railway infrastructure, that is the track, signalling and stations. It was established in 2005 in response to European Union requirements to separate the natural monopoly of infrastructure management from the competitive operations of running train services. It is the legal successor of RENFE, FEVE (Ferrocarriles de Vía Estrecha), and GIF (Gestor de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias).

Adif announced the trialling of Li-Fi technology at Malaga’s María Zambrano station. The Li-Fi trialling is done in cooperation with Malaga technology firm Datlight. One of the main purposes of the trialling is the evaluation of the capacity, practicality and user-friendliness of Li-Fi technology. Passengers will also be able to give their feedback of using Li-Fi at train stations.

Adif hopes that Li-Fi could offer a more cost-effective, lower maintenance alternative method to traditional Wi-Fi to improve digital accessibility across its network. Adif also says that the technology could be used to complement 5G in areas where Wi-Fi typically suffers from signal loss.

The pilot is the first launched under Adif’s five-year Digital Transformation Plan for Passenger Stations, which aims to improve digital services across the Spanish rail network.

What is Li-Fi?

Li-Fi, also known as "Light Fidelity" is a wireless optical networking technology, which uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to transmit data. In 2011, professor Harald Haas made a Li-Fi demonstration at the TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) Global Talk on Visible Light Communication (VLC).

VLC uses light as a medium to deliver high-speed communication like Wi-Fi and complies with the IEEE standard IEEE 802.15.7. The IEEE 802.15.7 is a high-speed, bidirectional, and fully networked wireless communication technology-based standard similar to Wi-Fi's IEEE 802.11.

How does Li-Fi work?

Li-Fi is a high speed, bidirectional, and fully networked wireless communication of data using light. Li-Fi constitutes of several light bulbs that form a wireless network.

When an electrical current goes through to a LED light bulb, a stream of light (photons) emits from the lamp. LED bulbs are semiconductor devices, which means that the brightness of the light flowing through them can change at extremely high speeds. The signal is sent by modulating the light at different rates. The signal can then be received by a detector which interprets the changes in light intensity (the signal) as data. Also when the LED is ON, you transmit a digital 1, and when it is OFF, you transmit a 0.

Li-Fi Benefits

The primary benefits of Li-Fi are as follows:

• Security: Provides entirely secure access. Where there is no light there is no data.

• Safety: Does not produce electromagnetic radiation and does not interfere with existing electronic systems.

• Localisation: Allows localisation due to small coverage area of Li-Fi access point - localisation can be used for very precise asset tracking.

• Data density: Provides ubiquitous high-speed wireless access that offers substantially greater data density (data rate per unit area) than RF through high bandwidth reuse.

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